Running tests on parsing

.gitignore

@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ tests/
 *.spv
 *.json
 *.txt
+scenes/

shared/src/utils/interval.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use crate::core::pbrt::Float;
 use crate::utils::math::{next_float_down, next_float_up};
-use num_traits::Zero;
 use core::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
+use num_traits::Zero;
 
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]

src/cameras/perspective.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

src/cameras/spherical.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

src/core/light.rs

@@ -19,123 +19,118 @@ pub fn lookup_spectrum(s: &Spectrum) -> Arc<DenselySampledSpectrumBuffer> {
     cache.lookup(dense_spectrum).into()
 }
 
-pub trait CreateLight {
+// Placeholders for non-area lights that never inspect these arguments.
-    fn create(
+// TODO: refactor each light's create to only take what it actually needs,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+// then delete these.
-        medium: Medium,
+fn dummy_shape() -> Shape {
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    Shape::default()
-        loc: &FileLoc,
-        shape: &Shape,
-        alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        arena: &Arena,
-    ) -> Result<Light>;
 }
 
-pub trait LightFactory {
+fn dummy_alpha() -> FloatTexture {
-    fn create(
+    FloatTexture::default()
-        name: &str,
-        arena: &mut Arena,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
-        medium: Medium,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        loc: &FileLoc,
-        shape: &Shape,
-        alpha_tex: &FloatTexture,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        camera_transform: CameraTransform,
-    ) -> Result<Self>
-    where
-        Self: Sized;
 }
 
-impl LightFactory for Light {
+/// Create a non-area light from a scene file directive.
-    fn create(
+pub fn create_light(
-        name: &str,
+    name: &str,
-        arena: &mut Arena,
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    loc: &FileLoc,
-        loc: &FileLoc,
+    camera_transform: CameraTransform,
-        shape: &Shape,
+    arena: &mut Arena,
-        alpha_tex: &FloatTexture,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    let shape = dummy_shape();
-        camera_transform: CameraTransform,
+    let alpha = dummy_alpha();
-    ) -> Result<Self>
+
-    where
+    match name {
-        Self: Sized,
+        "point" => crate::lights::point::create(
-    {
+            render_from_light,
-        match name {
+            medium,
-            "diffuse" => DiffuseAreaLight::create(
+            parameters,
-                render_from_light,
+            loc,
-                medium,
+            &shape,
-                parameters,
+            &alpha,
-                loc,
+            None,
-                shape,
+            arena,
-                alpha_tex,
+        ),
-                colorspace,
+        "spot" => crate::lights::spot::create(
-                arena,
+            render_from_light,
-            ),
+            medium,
-            "point" => PointLight::create(
+            parameters,
-                render_from_light,
+            loc,
-                medium,
+            &shape,
-                parameters,
+            &alpha,
-                loc,
+            None,
-                shape,
+            arena,
-                alpha_tex,
+        ),
-                colorspace,
+        "distant" => crate::lights::distant::create(
-                arena,
+            render_from_light,
-            ),
+            medium,
-            "spot" => SpotLight::create(
+            parameters,
-                render_from_light,
+            loc,
-                medium,
+            &shape,
-                parameters,
+            &alpha,
-                loc,
+            None,
-                shape,
+            arena,
-                alpha_tex,
+        ),
-                colorspace,
+        "goniometric" => crate::lights::goniometric::create(
-                arena,
+            render_from_light,
-            ),
+            medium,
-            "goniometric" => GoniometricLight::create(
+            parameters,
-                render_from_light,
+            loc,
-                medium,
+            &shape,
-                parameters,
+            &alpha,
-                loc,
+            None,
-                shape,
+            arena,
-                alpha_tex,
+        ),
-                colorspace,
+        "projection" => crate::lights::projection::create(
-                arena,
+            render_from_light,
-            ),
+            medium,
-            "projection" => ProjectionLight::create(
+            parameters,
-                render_from_light,
+            loc,
-                medium,
+            &shape,
-                parameters,
+            &alpha,
-                loc,
+            None,
-                shape,
+            arena,
-                alpha_tex,
+        ),
-                colorspace,
+        "infinite" => crate::lights::infinite::create(
-                arena,
+            render_from_light,
-            ),
+            medium.into(),
-            "distant" => DistantLight::create(
+            camera_transform,
-                render_from_light,
+            parameters,
-                medium,
+            None,
-                parameters,
+            loc,
-                loc,
+            arena,
-                shape,
+        ),
-                alpha_tex,
+        "diffuse" => Err(anyhow!(
-                colorspace,
+            "{}: \"diffuse\" is an area light; use create_area_light with a shape",
-                arena,
+            loc
-            ),
+        )),
-            "infinite" => crate::lights::infinite::create(
+        _ => Err(anyhow!("{}: unknown light type \"{}\"", loc, name)),
-                render_from_light,
-                medium.into(),
-                camera_transform,
-                parameters,
-                colorspace,
-                loc,
-                arena,
-            ),
-            _ => Err(anyhow!("{}: unknown light type: \"{}\"", loc, name)),
-        }
     }
 }
+
+/// Create a diffuse area light bound to a specific shape.
+/// Called once per sub-shape (e.g. once per triangle in a mesh).
+pub fn create_area_light(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    loc: &FileLoc,
+    shape: &Shape,
+    alpha_tex: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &mut Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
+    crate::lights::diffuse::create(
+        render_from_light,
+        medium,
+        parameters,
+        loc,
+        shape,
+        alpha_tex,
+        colorspace,
+        arena,
+    )
+}

src/core/material.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,10 @@ impl MaterialFactory for Material {
         named_materials: &HashMap<String, Material>,
         loc: FileLoc,
         arena: &Arena,
-    ) -> Result<Self> where Self: Sized {
+    ) -> Result<Self>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
         match name {
             "diffuse" => {
                 DiffuseMaterial::create(parameters, normal_map, named_materials, &loc, arena)

src/core/scene/builder.rs

@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
         arena: Arc<Arena>,
     ) -> Result<(), ParserError> {
         let name = normalize_utf8(orig_name);
-        self.verify_world("Texture", &loc);
+        self.verify_world("Texture", &loc)?;
         let dict = ParameterDictionary::from_array(
             params.clone(),
             &self.graphics_state.texture_attributes,
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
         params: ParsedParameterVector,
         loc: FileLoc,
     ) -> Result<(), ParserError> {
-        self.verify_world("material", &loc);
+        self.verify_world("material", &loc)?;
         let entity = SceneEntity {
             name: name.to_string(),
             loc,
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
         let dict = ParameterDictionary::from_array(
             params.clone(),
             &self.graphics_state.medium_attributes,
-            self.graphics_state.color_space.clone()
+            self.graphics_state.color_space.clone(),
         )?;
 
         let render_from_light = AnimatedTransform::new(
@@ -757,7 +757,6 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
 
         self.scene.add_light(entity);
         Ok(())
-
     }
 
     fn area_light_source(
@@ -786,7 +785,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
         let dict = ParameterDictionary::from_array(
             params.clone(),
             &self.graphics_state.shape_attributes,
-            self.graphics_state.color_space.clone()
+            self.graphics_state.color_space.clone(),
         )?;
 
         let render_from_object = self.graphics_state.ctm[0];
@@ -797,7 +796,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
             let light_entity = SceneEntity {
                 name: al.name.clone(),
                 loc: al.loc.clone(),
-                parameters: al_dict
+                parameters: al_dict,
             };
             Some(self.scene.add_area_light(light_entity))
         } else {
@@ -816,7 +815,7 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
             base: SceneEntity {
                 name: name.to_string(),
                 loc,
-                parameters: dict
+                parameters: dict,
             },
             render_from_object: Arc::new(render_from_object),
             object_from_render: Arc::new(object_from_render),
@@ -828,7 +827,11 @@ impl ParserTarget for BasicSceneBuilder {
         };
 
         if self.active_instance_definition.is_some() {
-            self.active_instance_definition.as_mut().unwrap().shapes.push(entity)
+            self.active_instance_definition
+                .as_mut()
+                .unwrap()
+                .shapes
+                .push(entity)
         } else {
             self.scene.add_shape(entity);
         }

src/core/scene/mod.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-mod builder;
+pub mod builder;
-mod entities;
+pub mod entities;
-mod scene;
+pub mod scene;
-mod state;
+pub mod state;
 
 pub use builder::BasicSceneBuilder;
 pub use entities::*;
 pub use scene::{BasicScene, SceneLookup};
 pub use state::*;
+
+

src/core/scene/scene.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use crate::core::camera::CameraFactory;
 use crate::core::film::FilmFactory;
 use crate::core::filter::FilterFactory;
 use crate::core::image::{Image, io::ImageIO};
-use crate::core::light::LightFactory;
 use crate::core::material::MaterialFactory;
 use crate::core::primitive::{CreateGeometricPrimitive, CreateSimplePrimitive};
 use crate::core::sampler::SamplerFactory;
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::{Arena, FileLoc};
 use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
 use rayon::prelude::*;
-use shared::core::camera::{CameraTransform, Camera};
+use shared::core::camera::{Camera, CameraTransform};
 use shared::core::color::LINEAR;
 use shared::core::film::Film;
 use shared::core::filter::Filter;
@@ -502,26 +501,114 @@ impl BasicScene {
         &self,
         camera_transform: &CameraTransform,
         arena: &mut Arena,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<Light>> {
+    ) -> Vec<Light> {
         let state = self.light_state.lock();
 
-        state.lights.par_iter().map(|entity| {
+        state
-            let render_from_light = entity.transformed_base.render_from_object.start_transform;
+            .lights
-            let medium = self.get_medium(
+            .iter()
-                &entity.medium,
+            .filter_map(|entity| {
-                &entity.transformed_base.base.loc,
+                let render_from_light = entity.transformed_base.render_from_object.start_transform;
+
+                let medium = self
+                    .get_medium(&entity.medium, &entity.transformed_base.base.loc)
+                    .map(|m| *m);
+
+                match crate::core::light::create_light(
+                    &entity.transformed_base.base.name,
+                    render_from_light,
+                    medium,
+                    &entity.transformed_base.base.parameters,
+                    &entity.transformed_base.base.loc,
+                    camera_transform.clone(),
+                    arena,
+                ) {
+                    Ok(light) => Some(light),
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        log::error!(
+                            "{}: failed to create light: {}",
+                            entity.transformed_base.base.loc,
+                            e
+                        );
+                        None
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    /// Create area lights for shapes that reference one. Produces a map from
+    /// shape index to a vec of lights (one per sub-shape, e.g. per triangle).
+    /// Must be called after shapes are loaded but before upload_shapes.
+    pub fn create_area_lights(
+        &self,
+        loaded_shapes: &[Vec<Shape>],
+        shape_entities: &[ShapeSceneEntity],
+        textures: &NamedTextures,
+        arena: &mut Arena,
+    ) -> HashMap<usize, Vec<Light>> {
+        let light_state = self.light_state.lock();
+        let mut shape_lights: HashMap<usize, Vec<Light>> = HashMap::new();
+
+        for (i, entity) in shape_entities.iter().enumerate() {
+            let light_idx = match entity.light_index {
+                Some(idx) => idx,
+                None => continue,
+            };
+
+            let shapes = match loaded_shapes.get(i) {
+                Some(s) if !s.is_empty() => s,
+                _ => continue,
+            };
+
+            let al_entity = &light_state.area_lights[light_idx];
+
+            let alpha_tex = self.get_alpha_texture(
+                &entity.base.parameters,
+                &entity.base.loc,
+                &textures.float_textures,
             );
 
-            Light::create(
+            // Use the film colorspace as fallback for area light emission
-                &entity.transformed_base.base.name,
+            let film_cs = self.film_colorspace.lock();
-                &entity.transformed_base.base.parameters,
+            let colorspace_ref = al_entity
-                render_from_light,
+                .parameters
-                camera_transform,
+                .color_space
-                medium.map(|m| *m),
+                .as_ref()
-                &entity.transformed_base.base.loc,
+                .or(film_cs.as_ref());
-                arena,
+
-            )
+            let render_from_light = *entity.render_from_object;
-        }).collect()
+
+            let lights: Vec<Light> = shapes
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|shape| {
+                    match crate::core::light::create_area_light(
+                        render_from_light,
+                        None,
+                        &al_entity.parameters,
+                        &al_entity.loc,
+                        shape,
+                        alpha_tex
+                            .as_ref()
+                            .expect("Alpha texture required for area light"),
+                        colorspace_ref.map(|cs| cs.as_ref()),
+                        arena,
+                    ) {
+                        Ok(light) => Some(light),
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            log::error!("{}: failed to create area light: {}", al_entity.loc, e);
+                            None
+                        }
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect();
+
+            if !lights.is_empty() {
+                shape_lights.insert(i, lights);
+            }
+        }
+
+        shape_lights
     }
 
     pub fn create_aggregate(

src/core/scene/state.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use super::{SceneEntity, TextureSceneEntity, LightSceneEntity};
+use super::{LightSceneEntity, SceneEntity, TextureSceneEntity};
 use crate::core::image::Image;
 use crate::core::texture::{FloatTexture, SpectrumTexture};
 use crate::utils::parallel::AsyncJob;

src/core/texture.rs

@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ pub enum FloatTexture {
     Wrinkled(WrinkledTexture),
 }
 
+impl Default for FloatTexture {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        FloatTexture::Constant(FloatConstantTexture::new(1.0))
+    }
+}
+
 impl FloatTextureTrait for Arc<FloatTexture> {
     fn evaluate(&self, ctx: &TextureEvalContext) -> Float {
         self.as_ref().evaluate(ctx)

src/films/rgb.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::Arena;
 use crate::core::film::{CreateFilmBase, PixelSensor};
 use crate::utils::containers::Array2D;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use crate::Arena;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use shared::core::camera::CameraTransform;
 use shared::core::film::{Film, FilmBase, RGBFilm, RGBPixel};
@@ -69,7 +70,10 @@ impl CreateFilm for RGBFilm {
         loc: &FileLoc,
         _arena: &Arena,
     ) -> Result<Film> {
-        let colorspace = params.color_space.as_ref().unwrap();
+        let colorspace = params.color_space.as_ref().cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            let stdcs = crate::spectra::get_colorspace_device();
+            Arc::new(*stdcs.srgb)
+        });
         let max_component_value = params.get_one_float("maxcomponentvalue", Float::INFINITY)?;
         let write_fp16 = params.get_one_bool("savefp16", true)?;
         let sensor = PixelSensor::create(params, colorspace.clone(), exposure_time, loc)?;

src/integrators/constants.rs

@@ -23,20 +23,52 @@ pub static UC_RHO: [Float; N_RHO_SAMPLES] = [
 ];
 
 pub static U_RHO: [Point2f; N_RHO_SAMPLES] = [
-    Point2f { 0: [0.855985, 0.570367]},
+    Point2f {
-    Point2f { 0: [0.381823, 0.851844]},
+        0: [0.855985, 0.570367],
-    Point2f { 0: [0.285328, 0.764262]},
+    },
-    Point2f { 0: [0.733380, 0.114073]},
+    Point2f {
-    Point2f { 0: [0.542663, 0.344465]},
+        0: [0.381823, 0.851844],
-    Point2f { 0: [0.127274, 0.414848]},
+    },
-    Point2f { 0: [0.964700, 0.947162]},
+    Point2f {
-    Point2f { 0: [0.594089, 0.643463]},
+        0: [0.285328, 0.764262],
-    Point2f { 0: [0.095109, 0.170369]},
+    },
-    Point2f { 0: [0.825444, 0.263359]},
+    Point2f {
-    Point2f { 0: [0.429467, 0.454469]},
+        0: [0.733380, 0.114073],
-    Point2f { 0: [0.244460, 0.816459]},
+    },
-    Point2f { 0: [0.756135, 0.731258]},
+    Point2f {
-    Point2f { 0: [0.516165, 0.152852]},
+        0: [0.542663, 0.344465],
-    Point2f { 0: [0.180888, 0.214174]},
+    },
-    Point2f { 0: [0.898579, 0.503897]},
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.127274, 0.414848],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.964700, 0.947162],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.594089, 0.643463],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.095109, 0.170369],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.825444, 0.263359],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.429467, 0.454469],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.244460, 0.816459],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.756135, 0.731258],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.516165, 0.152852],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.180888, 0.214174],
+    },
+    Point2f {
+        0: [0.898579, 0.503897],
+    },
 ];

src/integrators/path.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
+use super::RayIntegratorTrait;
 use super::base::IntegratorBase;
 use super::constants::*;
 use super::state::PathState;
-use super::RayIntegratorTrait;
-use crate::core::interaction::InteractionGetter;
 use crate::Arena;
-use shared::core::bsdf::{BSDFSample, BSDF};
+use crate::core::interaction::InteractionGetter;
+use shared::core::bsdf::{BSDF, BSDFSample};
 use shared::core::bxdf::{BxDFFlags, FArgs, TransportMode};
 use shared::core::camera::Camera;
 use shared::core::film::VisibleSurface;

src/lights/diffuse.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use crate::core::image::{Image, ImageIO};
-use crate::core::light::{CreateLight, lookup_spectrum};
+use crate::core::light::lookup_spectrum;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::{Arena, FileLoc, ParameterDictionary, Upload, resolve_filename};
 use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
 use shared::core::geometry::Point2i;
 use shared::core::light::{Light, LightBase, LightType};
-use shared::core::medium::Medium;
+use shared::core::medium::{Medium, MediumInterface};
 use shared::core::shape::{Shape, ShapeTrait};
 use shared::core::spectrum::Spectrum;
 use shared::core::texture::GPUFloatTexture;
@@ -18,147 +18,155 @@ use shared::spectra::RGBColorSpace;
 use shared::utils::{Ptr, Transform};
 use shared::{Float, PI};
 
-impl CreateLight for DiffuseAreaLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    params: &ParameterDictionary,
-        params: &ParameterDictionary,
+    loc: &FileLoc,
-        loc: &FileLoc,
+    shape: &Shape,
-        shape: &Shape,
+    alpha: &FloatTexture,
-        alpha: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &Arena,
-        arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let mut l = params.get_one_spectrum("l", None, SpectrumType::Illuminant);
-        let mut l = params.get_one_spectrum("l", None, SpectrumType::Illuminant);
+    let illum_spec = Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant);
-        let illum_spec = Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant);
+    let mut scale = params.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = params.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
+    let two_sided = params.get_one_bool("twosided", false)?;
-        let two_sided = params.get_one_bool("twosided", false)?;
 
-        let filename = resolve_filename(&params.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
+    let filename = resolve_filename(&params.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
-        let (image, image_color_space) = if !filename.is_empty() {
+    let (image, image_color_space) = if !filename.is_empty() {
-            if l.is_some() {
+        if l.is_some() {
-                return Err(anyhow!("{}: both \"L\" and \"filename\" specified", loc));
+            return Err(anyhow!("{}: both \"L\" and \"filename\" specified", loc));
-            }
-
-            let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)?;
-
-            if im.image.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
-                return Err(anyhow!("{}: image has infinite pixel values", loc));
-            }
-            if im.image.has_any_nan_pixels() {
-                return Err(anyhow!("{}: image has NaN pixel values", loc));
-            }
-
-            let channel_desc = im
-                .image
-                .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
-                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("{}: image must have R, G, B channels", loc))?;
-
-            let image = im.image.select_channels(&channel_desc);
-            let cs = im.metadata.get_colorspace();
-
-            (Some(image), cs)
-        } else {
-            if l.is_none() {
-                l = Some(illum_spec);
-            }
-            (None, None)
-        };
-
-        let l_for_scale = l.as_ref().unwrap_or(&illum_spec);
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(*l_for_scale);
-
-        let phi_v = params.get_one_float("power", -1.0)?;
-        if phi_v > 0.0 {
-            // k_e is the emissive power of the light as defined by the spectral
-            // distribution and texture and is used to normalize the emitted
-            // radiance such that the user-defined power will be the actual power
-            // emitted by the light.
-
-            let mut k_e: Float = 1.0;
-
-            if let Some(ref img) = image {
-                // Get the appropriate luminance vector from the image colour space
-                let lum_vec = image_color_space.unwrap().luminance_vector();
-
-                let mut sum_k_e = 0.0;
-                let res = img.resolution();
-
-                for y in 0..res.y() {
-                    for x in 0..res.x() {
-                        let r = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 0);
-                        let g = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 1);
-                        let b = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 2);
-
-                        sum_k_e += r * lum_vec[0] + g * lum_vec[1] + b * lum_vec[2];
-                    }
-                }
-                k_e = sum_k_e / (res.x() * res.y()) as Float;
-            }
-
-            let side_factor = if two_sided { 2.0 } else { 1.0 };
-            k_e *= side_factor * shape.area() * PI;
-
-            // now multiply up scale to hit the target power
-            scale *= phi_v / k_e;
         }
 
-        let alpha_ptr = alpha.upload(arena);
+        let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)?;
-        let is_constant_zero = match &*alpha_ptr {
-            GPUFloatTexture::Constant(tex) => tex.evaluate(&TextureEvalContext::default()) == 0.0,
-            _ => false,
-        };
 
-        let (light_type, stored_alpha) = if is_constant_zero {
+        if im.image.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
-            (LightType::DeltaPosition, None)
+            return Err(anyhow!("{}: image has infinite pixel values", loc));
-        } else {
+        }
-            (LightType::Area, Some(alpha))
+        if im.image.has_any_nan_pixels() {
-        };
+            return Err(anyhow!("{}: image has NaN pixel values", loc));
+        }
+
+        let channel_desc = im
+            .image
+            .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
+            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("{}: image must have R, G, B channels", loc))?;
+
+        let image = im.image.select_channels(&channel_desc);
+        let cs = im.metadata.get_colorspace();
+
+        (Some(image), cs)
+    } else {
+        if l.is_none() {
+            l = Some(illum_spec);
+        }
+        (None, None)
+    };
+
+    let l_for_scale = l.as_ref().unwrap_or(&illum_spec);
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(*l_for_scale);
+
+    let phi_v = params.get_one_float("power", -1.0)?;
+    if phi_v > 0.0 {
+        // k_e is the emissive power of the light as defined by the spectral
+        // distribution and texture and is used to normalize the emitted
+        // radiance such that the user-defined power will be the actual power
+        // emitted by the light.
+
+        let mut k_e: Float = 1.0;
 
-        let base = LightBase::new(light_type, render_from_light, medium.into());
         if let Some(ref img) = image {
-            let desc = img
+            // Get the appropriate luminance vector from the image colour space
-                .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
+            let lum_vec = image_color_space.unwrap().luminance_vector();
-                .expect("Image used for DiffuseAreaLight doesn't have R, G, B channels");
+
-            assert_eq!(3, desc.size());
+            let mut sum_k_e = 0.0;
-            assert!(desc.is_identity());
+            let res = img.resolution();
-            assert!(
+
-                image_color_space.is_some(),
+            for y in 0..res.y() {
-                "Image provided but ColorSpace is missing"
+                for x in 0..res.x() {
-            );
+                    let r = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 0);
+                    let g = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 1);
+                    let b = img.get_channel(Point2i::new(x, y), 2);
+
+                    sum_k_e += r * lum_vec[0] + g * lum_vec[1] + b * lum_vec[2];
+                }
+            }
+            k_e = sum_k_e / (res.x() * res.y()) as Float;
         }
 
-        let is_triangle_or_bilinear =
+        let side_factor = if two_sided { 2.0 } else { 1.0 };
-            matches!(*shape, Shape::Triangle(_) | Shape::BilinearPatch(_));
+        k_e *= side_factor * shape.area() * PI;
-        if render_from_light.has_scale(None) && !is_triangle_or_bilinear {
-            println!(
-                "Scaling detected in rendering to light space transformation! \
-                 Proceed at your own risk; your image may have errors."
-            );
-        }
 
-        let shape_ptr = shape.upload(arena);
+        // now multiply up scale to hit the target power
-        let image_ptr = image
+        scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-            .as_ref()
-            .map(|img| arena.alloc(*img.device()))
-            .unwrap_or(Ptr::null());
-        let colorspace_ptr = image_color_space
-            .map(|cs| cs.upload(arena))
-            .unwrap_or(Ptr::null());
-        let lemit_ptr = arena.alloc(lookup_spectrum(l_for_scale).device());
-
-        let specific = DiffuseAreaLight {
-            base,
-            area: shape.area(),
-            shape: shape_ptr,
-            alpha: alpha_ptr,
-            image: image_ptr,
-            colorspace: colorspace_ptr,
-            lemit: lemit_ptr,
-            two_sided,
-            scale,
-        };
-
-        Ok(Light::DiffuseArea(specific))
     }
+
+    let alpha_ptr = alpha.upload(arena);
+    let is_constant_zero = match &*alpha_ptr {
+        GPUFloatTexture::Constant(tex) => tex.evaluate(&TextureEvalContext::default()) == 0.0,
+        _ => false,
+    };
+
+    let (light_type, stored_alpha) = if is_constant_zero {
+        (LightType::DeltaPosition, None)
+    } else {
+        (LightType::Area, Some(alpha))
+    };
+
+    let mi = match medium {
+        Some(m) => {
+            let ptr = arena.alloc(m);
+            MediumInterface {
+                inside: ptr,
+                outside: ptr,
+            }
+        }
+        None => MediumInterface::default(),
+    };
+    let base = LightBase::new(light_type, render_from_light, mi);
+
+    if let Some(ref img) = image {
+        let desc = img
+            .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
+            .expect("Image used for DiffuseAreaLight doesn't have R, G, B channels");
+        assert_eq!(3, desc.size());
+        assert!(desc.is_identity());
+        assert!(
+            image_color_space.is_some(),
+            "Image provided but ColorSpace is missing"
+        );
+    }
+
+    let is_triangle_or_bilinear = matches!(*shape, Shape::Triangle(_) | Shape::BilinearPatch(_));
+    if render_from_light.has_scale(None) && !is_triangle_or_bilinear {
+        println!(
+            "Scaling detected in rendering to light space transformation! \
+                 Proceed at your own risk; your image may have errors."
+        );
+    }
+
+    let shape_ptr = shape.upload(arena);
+    let image_ptr = image
+        .as_ref()
+        .map(|img| arena.alloc(*img.device()))
+        .unwrap_or(Ptr::null());
+    let colorspace_ptr = image_color_space
+        .map(|cs| cs.upload(arena))
+        .unwrap_or(Ptr::null());
+    let lemit_ptr = arena.alloc(lookup_spectrum(l_for_scale).device());
+
+    let specific = DiffuseAreaLight {
+        base,
+        area: shape.area(),
+        shape: shape_ptr,
+        alpha: alpha_ptr,
+        image: image_ptr,
+        colorspace: colorspace_ptr,
+        lemit: lemit_ptr,
+        two_sided,
+        scale,
+    };
+
+    Ok(Light::DiffuseArea(specific))
 }

src/lights/distant.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::core::light::{CreateLight, lookup_spectrum};
+use crate::core::light::lookup_spectrum;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::{Arena, FileLoc, ParameterDictionary};
@@ -36,59 +36,57 @@ impl CreateDistantLight for DistantLight {
     }
 }
 
-impl CreateLight for DistantLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    _medium: Option<Medium>,
-        _medium: Medium,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    _loc: &FileLoc,
-        _loc: &FileLoc,
+    _shape: &Shape,
-        _shape: &Shape,
+    _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
-        _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    _arena: &Arena,
-        _arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let l = parameters
-        let l = parameters
+        .get_one_spectrum(
-            .get_one_spectrum(
+            "L",
-                "L",
+            Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
-                Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
+            SpectrumType::Illuminant,
-                SpectrumType::Illuminant,
+        )
-            )
+        .unwrap();
-            .unwrap();
+    let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
 
-        let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::new(0., 0., 0.))?;
+    let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::new(0., 0., 0.))?;
-        let to = parameters.get_one_point3f("to", Point3f::new(0., 0., 1.))?;
+    let to = parameters.get_one_point3f("to", Point3f::new(0., 0., 1.))?;
-        let w = (from - to).normalize();
+    let w = (from - to).normalize();
-        let (v1, v2) = w.coordinate_system();
+    let (v1, v2) = w.coordinate_system();
-        let m: [Float; 16] = [
+    let m: [Float; 16] = [
-            v1.x(),
+        v1.x(),
-            v2.x(),
+        v2.x(),
-            w.x(),
+        w.x(),
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            v1.y(),
+        v1.y(),
-            v2.y(),
+        v2.y(),
-            w.y(),
+        w.y(),
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            v1.z(),
+        v1.z(),
-            v2.z(),
+        v2.z(),
-            w.z(),
+        w.z(),
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            0.,
+        0.,
-            1.,
+        1.,
-        ];
+    ];
-        let t = Transform::from_flat(&m).expect("Could not create transform for DistantLight");
+    let t = Transform::from_flat(&m).expect("Could not create transform for DistantLight");
-        let final_render = render_from_light * t;
+    let final_render = render_from_light * t;
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(l);
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(l);
-        // Adjust scale to meet target illuminance value
+    // Adjust scale to meet target illuminance value
-        let e_v = parameters.get_one_float("illuminance", -1.)?;
+    let e_v = parameters.get_one_float("illuminance", -1.)?;
-        if e_v > 0. {
+    if e_v > 0. {
-            scale *= e_v;
+        scale *= e_v;
-        }
-
-        let specific = DistantLight::new(final_render, l, scale);
-
-        Ok(Light::Distant(specific))
     }
+
+    let specific = DistantLight::new(final_render, l, scale);
+
+    Ok(Light::Distant(specific))
 }

src/lights/goniometric.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use crate::core::image::{Image, ImageIO};
-use crate::core::light::{CreateLight, lookup_spectrum};
+use crate::core::light::lookup_spectrum;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::sampling::PiecewiseConstant2D;
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::utils::{Arena, FileLoc, ParameterDictionary, Upload, resolve_filename
 use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
 use shared::core::geometry::Point2i;
 use shared::core::light::{Light, LightBase, LightType};
-use shared::core::medium::Medium;
+use shared::core::medium::{Medium, MediumInterface};
 use shared::core::shape::Shape;
 use shared::core::spectrum::Spectrum;
 use shared::core::texture::SpectrumType;
@@ -18,95 +18,99 @@ use shared::spectra::RGBColorSpace;
 use shared::utils::{Ptr, Transform};
 use shared::{Float, PI};
 
-impl CreateLight for GoniometricLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    params: &ParameterDictionary,
-        params: &ParameterDictionary,
+    loc: &FileLoc,
-        loc: &FileLoc,
+    _shape: &Shape,
-        _shape: &Shape,
+    _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
-        _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &Arena,
-        arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let i = params
-        let i = params
+        .get_one_spectrum(
-            .get_one_spectrum(
+            "I",
-                "I",
+            Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
-                Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
+            SpectrumType::Illuminant,
-                SpectrumType::Illuminant,
+        )
-            )
+        .expect("Could not retrieve spectrum");
-            .expect("Could not retrieve spectrum");
+    let mut scale = params.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = params.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
+    let filename = resolve_filename(&params.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
-        let filename = resolve_filename(&params.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
+    let image: Ptr<Image> = if filename.is_empty() {
-        let image: Ptr<Image> = if filename.is_empty() {
+        Ptr::null()
-            Ptr::null()
+    } else {
-        } else {
+        let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)
-            let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("could not load image '{}': {}", filename, e))?;
-                .map_err(|e| anyhow!("could not load image '{}': {}", filename, e))?;
 
-            let loaded = im.image;
+        let loaded = im.image;
-            let res = loaded.resolution();
+        let res = loaded.resolution();
 
-            if loaded.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
+        if loaded.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
+            return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "image '{}' has infinite pixels, not suitable for light",
+                "image '{}' has infinite pixels, not suitable for light",
-                    filename
+                filename
-                ));
+            ));
-            }
-
-            if res.x() != res.y() {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "image resolution ({}, {}) is non-square; unlikely to be an equal-area map",
-                    res.x(),
-                    res.y()
-                ));
-            }
-
-            Ptr::from(&convert_to_luminance_image(&loaded, &filename, loc)?)
-        };
-
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(i);
-        let phi_v = params.get_one_float("power", -1.0)?;
-
-        if phi_v > 0.0 {
-            let k_e = compute_emissive_power(&image);
-            scale *= phi_v / k_e;
         }
 
-        let swap_yz: [Float; 16] = [
+        if res.x() != res.y() {
-            1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.,
+            return Err(anyhow!(
-        ];
+                "image resolution ({}, {}) is non-square; unlikely to be an equal-area map",
-        let t = Transform::from_flat(&swap_yz)
+                res.x(),
-            .expect("Could not create transform for GoniometricLight");
+                res.y()
-        let final_render_from_light = render_from_light * t;
+            ));
+        }
 
-        let base = LightBase::new(
+        Ptr::from(&convert_to_luminance_image(&loaded, &filename, loc)?)
-            LightType::DeltaPosition,
+    };
-            final_render_from_light,
-            medium.into(),
-        );
 
-        let iemit = lookup_spectrum(&i);
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(i);
+    let phi_v = params.get_one_float("power", -1.0)?;
 
-        let image_ptr = if !image.is_null() {
+    if phi_v > 0.0 {
-            let distrib = PiecewiseConstant2D::from_image(&image);
+        let k_e = compute_emissive_power(&image);
-            let distrib_ptr = distrib.upload(arena);
+        scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-            let img_ptr = image.upload(arena);
-            (img_ptr, distrib_ptr)
-        } else {
-            (Ptr::null(), Ptr::null())
-        };
-
-        let specific = GoniometricLight {
-            base,
-            iemit: arena.alloc(iemit.device()),
-            scale,
-            image: image_ptr.0,
-            distrib: image_ptr.1,
-        };
-
-        Ok(Light::Goniometric(specific))
     }
+
+    let swap_yz: [Float; 16] = [
+        1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.,
+    ];
+    let t =
+        Transform::from_flat(&swap_yz).expect("Could not create transform for GoniometricLight");
+    let final_render_from_light = render_from_light * t;
+
+    let mi = match medium {
+        Some(m) => {
+            let ptr = arena.alloc(m);
+            MediumInterface {
+                inside: ptr,
+                outside: ptr,
+            }
+        }
+        None => MediumInterface::default(),
+    };
+    let base = LightBase::new(LightType::DeltaPosition, render_from_light, mi);
+
+    let iemit = lookup_spectrum(&i);
+
+    let image_ptr = if !image.is_null() {
+        let distrib = PiecewiseConstant2D::from_image(&image);
+        let distrib_ptr = distrib.upload(arena);
+        let img_ptr = image.upload(arena);
+        (img_ptr, distrib_ptr)
+    } else {
+        (Ptr::null(), Ptr::null())
+    };
+
+    let specific = GoniometricLight {
+        base,
+        iemit: arena.alloc(iemit.device()),
+        scale,
+        image: image_ptr.0,
+        distrib: image_ptr.1,
+    };
+
+    Ok(Light::Goniometric(specific))
 }
 
 fn convert_to_luminance_image(image: &Image, filename: &str, loc: &FileLoc) -> Result<Image> {

src/lights/infinite.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use shared::core::camera::CameraTransform;
 use shared::core::geometry::{Bounds2f, Frame, Point2f, Point2i, Point3f, VectorLike, cos_theta};
 use shared::core::image::{DeviceImage, WrapMode};
 use shared::core::light::{Light, LightBase, LightType};
-use shared::core::medium::MediumInterface;
+use shared::core::medium::{Medium, MediumInterface};
 use shared::core::spectrum::Spectrum;
 use shared::core::texture::SpectrumType;
 use shared::lights::{ImageInfiniteLight, PortalInfiniteLight, UniformInfiniteLight};
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ impl CreateUniformInfiniteLight for UniformInfiniteLight {
 
 pub fn create(
     render_from_light: Transform,
-    _medium: MediumInterface,
+    _medium: Option<Medium>,
     camera_transform: CameraTransform,
     parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
     colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,

src/lights/point.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::core::light::{CreateLight, lookup_spectrum};
+use crate::core::light::lookup_spectrum;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::{Arena, FileLoc, ParameterDictionary};
@@ -42,36 +42,46 @@ impl CreatePointLight for PointLight {
     }
 }
 
-impl CreateLight for PointLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    _loc: &FileLoc,
-        _loc: &FileLoc,
+    _shape: &Shape,
-        _shape: &Shape,
+    _alpha: &FloatTexture,
-        _alpha: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &Arena,
-        _arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let l = parameters
-        let l = parameters
+        .get_one_spectrum(
-            .get_one_spectrum(
+            "L",
-                "L",
+            Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
-                Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
+            SpectrumType::Illuminant,
-                SpectrumType::Illuminant,
+        )
-            )
+        .unwrap();
-            .unwrap();
+    let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(l);
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(l);
+    let phi_v = parameters.get_one_float("power", 1.)?;
-        let phi_v = parameters.get_one_float("power", 1.)?;
+    if phi_v > 0. {
-        if phi_v > 0. {
+        let k_e = 4. * PI;
-            let k_e = 4. * PI;
+        scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-            scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-        }
-
-        let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::zero())?;
-        let tf = Transform::translate(from.into());
-        let final_render = render_from_light * tf;
-        let specific = PointLight::new(final_render, medium.into(), l, scale);
-        Ok(Light::Point(specific))
     }
+
+    let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::zero())?;
+    let tf = Transform::translate(from.into());
+    let final_render = render_from_light * tf;
+
+    let mi = match medium {
+        Some(m) => {
+            let ptr = arena.alloc(m);
+            MediumInterface {
+                inside: ptr,
+                outside: ptr,
+            }
+        }
+        None => MediumInterface::default(),
+    };
+
+    let specific = PointLight::new(final_render, mi, l, scale);
+    Ok(Light::Point(specific))
 }

src/lights/projection.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 use crate::core::image::{Image, ImageIO};
-use crate::core::light::CreateLight;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::sampling::PiecewiseConstant2D;
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ use shared::core::geometry::{
     Bounds2f, Point2f, Point2i, Point3f, Vector3f, VectorLike, cos_theta,
 };
 use shared::core::light::{Light, LightBase, LightType};
-use shared::core::medium::Medium;
+use shared::core::medium::{Medium, MediumInterface};
 use shared::core::shape::Shape;
 use shared::core::spectrum::Spectrum;
 use shared::lights::ProjectionLight;
@@ -19,117 +18,124 @@ use shared::utils::Transform;
 use shared::utils::math::{radians, square};
 use std::path::Path;
 
-impl CreateLight for ProjectionLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    loc: &FileLoc,
-        loc: &FileLoc,
+    _shape: &Shape,
-        _shape: &Shape,
+    _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
-        _alpha_text: &FloatTexture,
+    _colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        _colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &Arena,
-        arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
+    let power = parameters.get_one_float("power", -1.)?;
-        let power = parameters.get_one_float("power", -1.)?;
+    let fov = parameters.get_one_float("fov", 90.)?;
-        let fov = parameters.get_one_float("fov", 90.)?;
 
-        let filename = resolve_filename(&parameters.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
+    let filename = resolve_filename(&parameters.get_one_string("filename", "")?);
-        if filename.is_empty() {
+    if filename.is_empty() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
+        return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{}: must provide filename for projection light",
+            "{}: must provide filename for projection light",
-                loc
+            loc
-            ));
+        ));
-        }
-
-        let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("{}: could not load image '{}': {}", loc, filename, e))?;
-
-        if im.image.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{}: image '{}' has infinite pixels, not suitable for light",
-                loc,
-                filename
-            ));
-        }
-
-        if im.image.has_any_nan_pixels() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{}: image '{}' has NaN pixels, not suitable for light",
-                loc,
-                filename
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let channel_desc = im
-            .image
-            .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("{}: image '{}' must have R, G, B channels", loc, filename))?;
-
-        let image = im.image.select_channels(&channel_desc);
-        let colorspace = im
-            .metadata
-            .colorspace
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{}: image '{}' missing colorspace metadata", loc, filename))?;
-
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.illuminant));
-        if power > 0. {
-            let k_e = compute_emissive_power(&image, &colorspace, fov);
-            scale /= k_e;
-        }
-
-        let flip = Transform::scale(1., -1., 1.);
-        let render_from_light_flip = render_from_light * flip;
-
-        let base = LightBase::new(LightType::DeltaPosition, render_from_light, medium.into());
-
-        let opposite = (radians(fov) / 2.0).tan();
-        let res = image.resolution();
-        let aspect = res.x() as Float / res.y() as Float;
-        let aspect_ratio = if aspect > 1.0 { aspect } else { 1.0 / aspect };
-        let a = 4.0 * square(opposite) * aspect_ratio;
-        let screen_bounds = if aspect > 1.0 {
-            Bounds2f::from_points(Point2f::new(-aspect, -1.0), Point2f::new(aspect, 1.0))
-        } else {
-            Bounds2f::from_points(
-                Point2f::new(-1.0, -1.0 / aspect),
-                Point2f::new(1.0, 1.0 / aspect),
-            )
-        };
-
-        let hither = 1e-3;
-        let screen_from_light = Transform::perspective(fov, hither, 1e30).unwrap();
-        let light_from_screen = screen_from_light.inverse();
-
-        let dwda = |p: Point2f| {
-            let w =
-                Vector3f::from(light_from_screen.apply_to_point(Point3f::new(p.x(), p.y(), 0.0)));
-            cos_theta(w.normalize()).powi(3)
-        };
-
-        let d = image.get_sampling_distribution(dwda, screen_bounds);
-        let distrib = PiecewiseConstant2D::from_slice(
-            d.as_slice(),
-            d.x_size() as usize,
-            d.y_size() as usize,
-            screen_bounds,
-        );
-
-        let specific = ProjectionLight {
-            base,
-            image: image.upload(arena),
-            image_color_space: colorspace.upload(arena),
-            distrib: distrib.upload(arena),
-            screen_bounds,
-            screen_from_light,
-            light_from_screen,
-            scale,
-            hither,
-            a,
-        };
-
-        Ok(Light::Projection(specific))
     }
+
+    let im = Image::read(Path::new(&filename), None)
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("{}: could not load image '{}': {}", loc, filename, e))?;
+
+    if im.image.has_any_infinite_pixels() {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "{}: image '{}' has infinite pixels, not suitable for light",
+            loc,
+            filename
+        ));
+    }
+
+    if im.image.has_any_nan_pixels() {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+            "{}: image '{}' has NaN pixels, not suitable for light",
+            loc,
+            filename
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let channel_desc = im
+        .image
+        .get_channel_desc(&["R", "G", "B"])
+        .map_err(|_| anyhow!("{}: image '{}' must have R, G, B channels", loc, filename))?;
+
+    let image = im.image.select_channels(&channel_desc);
+    let colorspace = im
+        .metadata
+        .colorspace
+        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{}: image '{}' missing colorspace metadata", loc, filename))?;
+
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.illuminant));
+    if power > 0. {
+        let k_e = compute_emissive_power(&image, &colorspace, fov);
+        scale /= k_e;
+    }
+
+    let flip = Transform::scale(1., -1., 1.);
+    let render_from_light_flip = render_from_light * flip;
+
+    let mi = match medium {
+        Some(m) => {
+            let ptr = arena.alloc(m);
+            MediumInterface {
+                inside: ptr,
+                outside: ptr,
+            }
+        }
+        None => MediumInterface::default(),
+    };
+    let base = LightBase::new(LightType::DeltaPosition, render_from_light, mi);
+
+    let opposite = (radians(fov) / 2.0).tan();
+    let res = image.resolution();
+    let aspect = res.x() as Float / res.y() as Float;
+    let aspect_ratio = if aspect > 1.0 { aspect } else { 1.0 / aspect };
+    let a = 4.0 * square(opposite) * aspect_ratio;
+    let screen_bounds = if aspect > 1.0 {
+        Bounds2f::from_points(Point2f::new(-aspect, -1.0), Point2f::new(aspect, 1.0))
+    } else {
+        Bounds2f::from_points(
+            Point2f::new(-1.0, -1.0 / aspect),
+            Point2f::new(1.0, 1.0 / aspect),
+        )
+    };
+
+    let hither = 1e-3;
+    let screen_from_light = Transform::perspective(fov, hither, 1e30).unwrap();
+    let light_from_screen = screen_from_light.inverse();
+
+    let dwda = |p: Point2f| {
+        let w = Vector3f::from(light_from_screen.apply_to_point(Point3f::new(p.x(), p.y(), 0.0)));
+        cos_theta(w.normalize()).powi(3)
+    };
+
+    let d = image.get_sampling_distribution(dwda, screen_bounds);
+    let distrib = PiecewiseConstant2D::from_slice(
+        d.as_slice(),
+        d.x_size() as usize,
+        d.y_size() as usize,
+        screen_bounds,
+    );
+
+    let specific = ProjectionLight {
+        base,
+        image: image.upload(arena),
+        image_color_space: colorspace.upload(arena),
+        distrib: distrib.upload(arena),
+        screen_bounds,
+        screen_from_light,
+        light_from_screen,
+        scale,
+        hither,
+        a,
+    };
+
+    Ok(Light::Projection(specific))
 }
 
 fn compute_screen_bounds(aspect: Float) -> Bounds2f {

src/lights/spot.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::core::light::{CreateLight, lookup_spectrum};
+use crate::core::light::lookup_spectrum;
 use crate::core::spectrum::spectrum_to_photometric;
 use crate::core::texture::FloatTexture;
 use crate::utils::{Arena, FileLoc, ParameterDictionary};
@@ -53,52 +53,53 @@ impl CreateSpotLight for SpotLight {
     }
 }
 
-impl CreateLight for SpotLight {
+pub fn create(
-    fn create(
+    render_from_light: Transform,
-        render_from_light: Transform,
+    medium: Option<Medium>,
-        medium: Medium,
+    parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
-        parameters: &ParameterDictionary,
+    _loc: &FileLoc,
-        _loc: &FileLoc,
+    _shape: &Shape,
-        _shape: &Shape,
+    _alpha_tex: &FloatTexture,
-        _alpha_tex: &FloatTexture,
+    colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
-        colorspace: Option<&RGBColorSpace>,
+    arena: &Arena,
-        arena: &Arena,
+) -> Result<Light> {
-    ) -> Result<Light> {
+    let i = parameters
-        let i = parameters
+        .get_one_spectrum(
-            .get_one_spectrum(
+            "I",
-                "I",
+            Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
-                Some(Spectrum::Dense(colorspace.unwrap().illuminant)),
+            SpectrumType::Illuminant,
-                SpectrumType::Illuminant,
+        )
-            )
+        .expect("No spectrum");
-            .expect("No spectrum");
+    let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
-        let mut scale = parameters.get_one_float("scale", 1.)?;
+    let coneangle = parameters.get_one_float("coneangle", 30.)?;
-        let coneangle = parameters.get_one_float("coneangle", 30.)?;
+    let conedelta = parameters.get_one_float("conedelta", 5.)?;
-        let conedelta = parameters.get_one_float("conedelta", 5.)?;
+    let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::zero())?;
-        let from = parameters.get_one_point3f("from", Point3f::zero())?;
+    let to = parameters.get_one_point3f("to", Point3f::new(0., 0., 1.))?;
-        let to = parameters.get_one_point3f("to", Point3f::new(0., 0., 1.))?;
+    let dir_to_z = Transform::from(Frame::from_z((to - from).normalize()));
-        let dir_to_z = Transform::from(Frame::from_z((to - from).normalize()));
+    let t = Transform::translate(from.into()) * dir_to_z.inverse();
-        let t = Transform::translate(from.into()) * dir_to_z.inverse();
+    let final_render = render_from_light * t;
-        let final_render = render_from_light * t;
+    scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(i);
-        scale /= spectrum_to_photometric(i);
 
-        let phi_v = parameters.get_one_float("power", -1.)?;
+    let phi_v = parameters.get_one_float("power", -1.)?;
-        if phi_v > 0. {
+    if phi_v > 0. {
-            let cos_falloff_end = radians(coneangle).cos();
+        let cos_falloff_end = radians(coneangle).cos();
-            let cos_falloff_start = radians(coneangle - conedelta).cos();
+        let cos_falloff_start = radians(coneangle - conedelta).cos();
-            let k_e =
+        let k_e = 2. * PI * ((1. - cos_falloff_start) + (cos_falloff_start - cos_falloff_end) / 2.);
-                2. * PI * ((1. - cos_falloff_start) + (cos_falloff_start - cos_falloff_end) / 2.);
+        scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-            scale *= phi_v / k_e;
-        }
-
-        let specific = SpotLight::new(
-            final_render,
-            medium.into(),
-            i,
-            scale,
-            coneangle,
-            coneangle - conedelta,
-        );
-        arena.alloc(specific);
-        Ok(Light::Spot(specific))
     }
+
+    let mi = match medium {
+        Some(m) => {
+            let ptr = arena.alloc(m);
+            MediumInterface {
+                inside: ptr,
+                outside: ptr,
+            }
+        }
+        None => MediumInterface::default(),
+    };
+
+    let specific = SpotLight::new(final_render, mi, i, scale, coneangle, coneangle - conedelta);
+    arena.alloc(specific);
+    Ok(Light::Spot(specific))
 }

src/materials/measured.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

src/textures/bilerp.rs

@@ -45,11 +45,7 @@ impl CreateSpectrumTexture for SpectrumBilerpTexture {
 }
 
 impl SpectrumTextureTrait for SpectrumBilerpTexture {
-    fn evaluate(
+    fn evaluate(&self, _ctx: &TextureEvalContext, _lambda: &SampledWavelengths) -> SampledSpectrum {
-        &self,
-        _ctx: &TextureEvalContext,
-        _lambda: &SampledWavelengths,
-    ) -> SampledSpectrum {
         todo!()
     }
 }

src/utils/io.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+

src/utils/parameters.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ use crate::core::texture::{FloatTexture, SpectrumTexture};
 use crate::spectra::data::get_named_spectrum;
 use crate::spectra::piecewise::PiecewiseLinearSpectrumBuffer;
 use crate::utils::FileLoc;
-use anyhow::{Result, bail};
+use anyhow::{bail, Result};
-use shared::Float;
 use shared::core::color::RGB;
 use shared::core::geometry::{Normal3f, Point2f, Point3f, Vector2f, Vector3f};
 use shared::core::spectrum::Spectrum;
@@ -13,11 +12,12 @@ use shared::spectra::{
     PiecewiseLinearSpectrum, RGBAlbedoSpectrum, RGBColorSpace, RGBIlluminantSpectrum,
     RGBUnboundedSpectrum,
 };
+use shared::Float;
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::sync::{
-    Arc,
     atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    Arc,
 };
 
 pub fn error_exit(loc: Option<&FileLoc>, message: &str) -> String {
@@ -350,30 +350,31 @@ impl ParameterDictionary {
     where
         T: PBRTParameter,
     {
-        let param = self.params[0].clone();
+        for param in &self.params {
-        if param.name == name && param.type_name == T::TYPE_NAME {
+            if param.name == name && param.type_name == T::TYPE_NAME {
-            let values = T::get_values(&param);
+                let values = T::get_values(param);
 
-            if values.is_empty() {
+                if values.is_empty() {
-                bail!(
+                    bail!(
-                    "{}: No values provided for parameter \"{}\".",
+                        "{}: No values provided for parameter \"{}\".",
-                    &param.loc,
+                        &param.loc,
-                    name
+                        name
-                );
+                    );
+                }
+
+                if values.len() != T::N_PER_ITEM {
+                    bail!(
+                        "{}: Expected {} values for parameter \"{}\". Found {}.",
+                        &param.loc,
+                        T::N_PER_ITEM,
+                        name,
+                        values.len()
+                    );
+                }
+
+                param.looked_up.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                return Ok(T::convert(values));
             }
-
-            if values.len() != T::N_PER_ITEM {
-                bail!(
-                    "{}: Expected {} values for parameter \"{}\". Found {}.",
-                    &param.loc,
-                    T::N_PER_ITEM,
-                    name,
-                    values.len()
-                );
-            }
-
-            param.looked_up.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
-            return Ok(T::convert(values));
         }
 
         Ok(default_val)

src/utils/parser.rs

@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ impl Tokenizer {
         if first_char == '"' {
             self.advance();
             let mut val = String::new();
+            val.push('"');
 
             loop {
                 let ch = self.advance().ok_or(ParserError::UnexpectedEof)?;
@@ -406,6 +407,8 @@ impl Tokenizer {
                     val.push(ch);
                 }
             }
+            val.push('"');
+
             return Ok(Some(Token {
                 text: val,
                 loc: start_loc,